EFFECTIVE USE OF MODALS IN ENGLISH GRAMMAR

EFFECTIVE USE OF MODALS IN ENGLISH GRAMMAR 

MODAL:- A modal is a verb that combines with another verb to indicate mood or tense. A modal (also known as a modal auxiliary or modal verb)expresses necessity, uncertainty, ability, or permission. The modal verbs are:-

1.Can

2.May/might

3.ought to have

4.Will

5.Must

6.could

7.Should

8.Would

9.Ought to

10.Might have

  1. Could Have

12.Has/Have to

13.Must have

  1. Dare

Rules of modal which are used  in the Present Tenses/Past /future tense:–

Affirmative :- Subject +Modal verb+ verb 1st form + object.

Negative:- subject + Modal verb + not +verb 1st form+ object .

Interrogative:- Modal verb +subject +verb 1st form +object +?

Interrogative +negative:- Modal verb +subject +not +verb 1st form +object +?

                        <wh>+Modal verb +subject +not +verb 1st form +object +?

Use of  “can “(Ability or lack of ability )

Affirmative :- Subject +can+ verb 1st form + object.

Negative:- subject + can+ not +verb 1st form+ object .

Interrogative:-Can+subject +verb 1st form +object +?

Interrogative +negative:- Can +subject +not +verb 1st form +object +?

                        <wh>+Can +subject +not +verb 1st form +object +?

 Examples:-

Affirmative:–                          You can play.

Negative: –                             You cannot play.

Interrogative:-                       Can you play?

interrogative+negative:-      Can you not play?

 < wh> + Interrogative  :-     What Can you play?

If the <wh> family is used in interrogative sentences, you cannot give an answer like “yes” or “No”.

Use of “Could”(To express ability in the past)

 

Affirmative :- Subject +could+ verb 1st form + object.

Negative:- subject +could+ not +verb 1st form+ object .

Interrogative:-Could+subject +verb 1st form +object +?

Interrogative +negative:- Could +subject +not +verb 1st form +object +?

                        <wh>+Could +subject +not +verb 1st form +object +?

Examples:-

Affirmative:-                       She could sleep.

Negative:-                           He could not sleep.

interrogative:-                    Could he sleep?

Interrogative+negative:-   Could he not sleep?

<wh>+interrogative:–          Why could he sleep?

Use of “May”( high possibility of work)

Affirmative :- Subject +may+ verb 1st form + object.

Negative:- subject + may+ not +verb 1st form+ object .

Interrogative:-May+subject +verb 1st form +object +?

Interrogative +negative:- May +subject +not +verb 1st form +object +?

                        <wh>+May +subject +not +verb 1st form +object +?

 

Examples:- 

Affirmative:-                      She may go home.

Negative:-                          She may not go home.

interrogative:-                   May she go home?

Interrogative+negative:-  May she not go home?

<wh>+interrogative:–         With whom may he go home?

 

Use of “Might” (Less possibility of work)

 

Affirmative :- Subject +might+ verb 1st form + object.

Negative:- Subject + might+ not +verb 1st form+ object .

Interrogative:-Might+subject +verb 1st form +object +?

Interrogative +negative:- Might+subject +not +verb 1st form +object +?

                        <wh>+might +subject +not +verb 1st form +object +?

Examples:- 

Affirmative:-                        He might come back home tomorrow.

Negative:-                            He might win a prize.

interrogative:-                     Might he win a prize?

Interrogative+negative:-    Might he not win a prize?

<wh>+interrogative:–          what might he win a prize?

Use of “Should”:- “Should ” is the modal verb most commonly used to make recommendations or give advice.

 

Affirmative :- Subject +should+ verb 1st form + object.

Negative:- subject + should+ not +verb 1st form+ object .

Interrogative:-Should+subject +verb 1st form +object +?

Interrogative +negative:- Should +subject +not +verb 1st form +object +?

                        <wh>+should +subject +not +verb 1st form +object +?

Examples:

Affirmative:-                        I should go.

Negative:-                            I should not go.

interrogative:-                     Should I go?

Interrogative+negative:-    Should I not go?

<wh>+interrogative:–           Where Should I go?

Use of ” should have”

 

Affirmative :- Subject +should+have+verb 1st form + object.

Negative:- subject + should+ not +have+verb 1st form+ object .

Interrogative:-Should+subject +have+verb 1st form +object +?

Interrogative +negative:- Should +subject +not +have+verb 1st form +object +?

                        <wh>+should +subject +not +have+verb 1st form +object +?

Examples:

Affirmative:-                        Rahul should have played.

Negative:-                            Rahul should not have played.

interrogative:-                     Should Rahul have played?

Interrogative+negative:-    Should Rahul not have played?

<wh>+interrogative:–          Why should Rahul have played?

Use of “Would”:- Would” is a modal verb mostly used to create conditional verb forms. It also serves as the past form of the modal verb “will”.

Affirmative :- Subject +Would+ verb 1st form + object.

Negative:- subject + would+ not +verb 1st form+ object .

Interrogative:-Would+subject +verb 1st form +object +?

Interrogative +negative:- Would +subject +not +verb 1st form +object +?

                        <wh>+would +subject +not +verb 1st form +object +?

Examples:

Affirmative                            would agree with that.

Negative:-                             would not agree with that.

interrogative:-                      Would you like some more tea?

Interrogative+negative:-     Would you not like some more tea?

<wh>+interrogative:–            Where would you go?

Use of “Must have”:-Must have”expresses an opinion about an earlier (past) situation.

Affirmative :- Subject +must+have+verb 1st form + object.

Negative:- subject + must+ not +have+verb 1st form+ object .

Interrogative:-Must+subject +have+verb 1st form +object +?

Interrogative +negative:- Must +subject +not +have+verb 1st form +object +?

                        <wh>+Must +subject +not +have+verb 1st form +object +?

Examples:

Affirmative                              I must have to go to Mumbai.

Negative:-                               I must not have to go to Mumbai.

interrogative:-                        Must you have like some more tea?

Interrogative+negative:-       Must you not have like some more tea?

<wh>+interrogative:–              Where must have you go?

 

Use of”Could have”:It means that there you had the possibility to do something in the past, but it did not happen.

 

Affirmative :- Subject +could+have+verb 3rd form + object.

Negative:- subject + could+ not +have+verb 3rd form+ object .

Interrogative:-Could+subject +have+verb 3rd form +object +?

Interrogative +negative:-Could +subject +not +have+verb 3rd form +object +?

                        <wh>+Could+subject +not +have+verb 3rd form +object +?

Examples:

Affirmative                              I could have gone to Mumbai.

Negative:-                               I could not have gone to Mumbai.

interrogative:-                        Could you have liked some more tea?

Interrogative+negative:-       Could you not have liked some more tea?

<wh>+interrogative:–              With whom could he have played?

 

Use of”Has/Have to”:- “Has/Have to”are used to express obligation. 

 

Affirmative :- Subject +has/have to+verb 1st form + object.

Negative:- subject + has/have+not+to+verb 1st form+ object .

Interrogative:-Has/Have+subject +to+verb 1st form +object +?

Interrogative +negative:-Has/Have +subject +not +to+verb 1st form +object +?

                        <wh>+Has/Have+subject +not +to+verb 1st form +object +?

Examples:

Affirmative                             He has to play.

You have to go.

Negative:-                               He has not to play.

You have not to go.

Interrogative:-                        Has he to play?

Have you not to go?

Interrogative+negative:-       Have he not to go?

<wh>+interrogative:–              Where has he not to play?

Use of “Ought to “:- Ought to” is used to indicate something that is probably.

Affirmative :- Subject +Ought+ to+ verb 1st form + object.

Negative:- subject +ought+ not +to+verb 1st form+ object .

Interrogative:-Ought +subject +to+verb 1st form +object +?

Interrogative +negative:-Ought +subject +not +to+verb 1st form +object +?

                        <wh>+Ought +subject +not+to +verb 1st form +object +?

 

Examples:

Affirmative:-                           We ought to do more exercise.

Negative:-                               Medicine ought not to free.

interrogative:-                        Ought medicine to free.

Interrogative+negative:-       Ought you not to like some more tea?

<wh>+interrogative:–              What ought you to fight for your country?

 

Use to “Ought to have”:-(Done something)

Affirmative :- Subject +Ought +to+have+ verb 3rd form + object.

Negative:- subject +ought+ not +to+have+verb 3rdform+ object .

Interrogative:-Ought +subject +to+have+verb 3rdform +object +?

Interrogative +negative:-Ought +subject +not +to+have+verb 3rdform +object +?

                        <wh>+Ought +subject +not+to +have+verb 1st form +object +?

Examples:

Affirmative:-                           She ought to have led the team from the front.

Negative:-                               You ought not to have offended your mother.

interrogative:-                        Ought medicine to have free.

Interrogative+negative:-       Ought you not to have like some more tea?

<wh>+interrogative:–              What ought you to have fight for your country?

 Use of “will”:- To express the future tense.

 

Affirmative :- Subject +Will+ verb 1st form + object.
Negative:- subject + will+ not +verb 1st form+ object .
Interrogative:-Will+subject +verb 1st form +object +?
Interrogative +negative:- Will +subject +not +verb 1st form +object +?
                        <wh>+will +subject +not +verb 1st form +object +?

Examples:-          
Affirmative:-                             She will try to lie.
Negative:-                                 I will not meet you later.
interrogative:-                          Will I meet you later.
Interrogative+negative:-         Will I not meet you later.
<wh>+interrogative:-               What will you not fight for your country?

Use of “Dare”:- Dare can mean ‘challenge somebody.

 

Affirmative :- Subject +dare+ verb 1st form + object.
Negative:- subject + dare+ not +verb 1st form+ object .
Interrogative:-Dare+subject +verb 1st form +object +?
Interrogative +negative:- Dare +subject +not +verb 1st form +object +?
                        <wh>+dare +subject +not +verb 1st form +object +?

Examples:

Affirmative:-                           She dared to swim across the river.

Negative:-                               She dared not to swim across the river.

interrogative:-                        Dared she to swim across the river?

Interrogative+negative:-       Dared she not to swim across the river?

<wh>+interrogative:–             How dare you to do that?

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EFFECTIVE USE OF MODALS IN ENGLISH GRAMMAR

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